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Tuesday, February 2, 2010 @ 4:58 PM
Entry01: Introduction to Virology
The study of viruses is known as Virology. Virus is a tiny pathogen that replicates itself in the cells of other living organism. Without a host cell, viruses cannot carry out their life-sustaining functions or reproduce. They are unable to undergo protein synthesis because they lack ribosomes and would have to facilitate the ribosomes of their host cells to translate viral messenger RNA into viral proteins. Viruses cannot generate or store their energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP), but derive their energy ad other metabolic functions from the host cell. In addition, they parasitize the host cell for basic building materials, such as amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. Viruses contains nucleic acid that is either Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA) or Ribonucleic Acid(RNA) and a protein coat that encases the nucleic acid. All viruses have a protein coat that protects the genes and some consist of an additional envelope of fat or protein molecules. In its infective form outside the cell, a virus particle is known as a "virion". Each of these virions consists of at least one unique protein synthesized by specific genes in its nucleic acid. Viruses are generally classified by the organisms that they infect. They are then further classified into: 1. The type and size of their nucleic acid.
2. The size and shape of the capsid.
3. If the nucleocapsid is enclosed by a lipid envelope. http://biologyjunction.com/- Capsid: A protein shell that encases the nucleic acid. Together with its enclosed nucleic acid, it is called a nucleocapsid. The shell is composed proteins. The capsid has three functions: 1. To protect nucleic acid from enzyme digestion, 2. Contains of special sites on its surface that allow virion to attach to host cell, 3. Provides proteins that enable virion to penetrate into host cell membrane and sometimes, to inject the infectious nucleic acid into cell cytoplasm.
- Envelope: Many viruses have a gylcoprotein envelope that surrounds the nucleocapsid.This envelops consists of two lipid layers interspersed with protein molecules.
- Nucleic Acid: The nucleic acid of virus contains the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins. Several groups of viruses uses DNA to maintain their genetic information while most groups uses single-stranded RNA.
Labels: #entry
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Tuesday, February 2, 2010 @ 4:58 PM
Entry01: Introduction to Virology
The study of viruses is known as Virology. Virus is a tiny pathogen that replicates itself in the cells of other living organism. Without a host cell, viruses cannot carry out their life-sustaining functions or reproduce. They are unable to undergo protein synthesis because they lack ribosomes and would have to facilitate the ribosomes of their host cells to translate viral messenger RNA into viral proteins. Viruses cannot generate or store their energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP), but derive their energy ad other metabolic functions from the host cell. In addition, they parasitize the host cell for basic building materials, such as amino acids, nucleotides and lipids. Viruses contains nucleic acid that is either Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA) or Ribonucleic Acid(RNA) and a protein coat that encases the nucleic acid. All viruses have a protein coat that protects the genes and some consist of an additional envelope of fat or protein molecules. In its infective form outside the cell, a virus particle is known as a "virion". Each of these virions consists of at least one unique protein synthesized by specific genes in its nucleic acid. Viruses are generally classified by the organisms that they infect. They are then further classified into: 1. The type and size of their nucleic acid.
2. The size and shape of the capsid.
3. If the nucleocapsid is enclosed by a lipid envelope.http://biologyjunction.com/- Capsid: A protein shell that encases the nucleic acid. Together with its enclosed nucleic acid, it is called a nucleocapsid. The shell is composed proteins. The capsid has three functions: 1. To protect nucleic acid from enzyme digestion, 2. Contains of special sites on its surface that allow virion to attach to host cell, 3. Provides proteins that enable virion to penetrate into host cell membrane and sometimes, to inject the infectious nucleic acid into cell cytoplasm.
- Envelope: Many viruses have a gylcoprotein envelope that surrounds the nucleocapsid.This envelops consists of two lipid layers interspersed with protein molecules.
- Nucleic Acid: The nucleic acid of virus contains the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins. Several groups of viruses uses DNA to maintain their genetic information while most groups uses single-stranded RNA.
Labels: #entry
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HELLO-MICROB
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For any enquires, please contact: jiangzijun@hotmail.com
Questions can be enquired under the comment section. All comments are screened.
The following website is maintained by, Nanyang Polytechnic, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Diploma in Pharmaceutical Sciences students, class of PS0902: Foo Si Jia, Jiang Zijun, Noelle Loh Jia Yu, Woo Wai Yoke and Zakiyyah Bte Masri.
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Credits go to these following websites for providing information, reference and graphics that are needed to maintain hello-microb, thankyou.
Information and Resources
01. National Center for Biotechnology Information: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
02. Medical Microbiology: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi
03. Molecular Expression: micro.magnet.fsu.edu/index.html
04. The Universal Virus Database of the International Committe on Taxonomy of Viruses: ictvdb.rothamsted.ac.uk/
05. Web Books: web-books.com/MoBio/Free/Ch1E2.htm
06. Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
07. Google: google.com
08. Jonathan Dinman's Lab: dinmanlab.umd.edu/
Graphics
01. Google: google.com
02. Biology Junction: biologyjunction.com/
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